Publications

The 2016 SLDHS was conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) for the Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine with assistance from the World Bank. It collected information for a series of demographic and health indicators at the national, urban and rural estate and district level to monitor progress and to support the identification and development of policies, programs and interventions. The 2016 SLDHS was successfully implemented in almost all households (99 percent) selected and for almost all ever married women (99 percent) identified in the household. Data was collected using Computer- Assisted Personal Interviewing technology (CAPI) for the first time in DCS. It is also expected that this survey will serve as a continuation of the series of Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in Sri Lanka since 1987. This will also cater the needs of complication of a number of Sustainable Development Indicators.

The report provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic, and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment, at global, regional and country levels. This is done in the context of recommended global TB strategies and associated targets, as well as broader development goals set by the United Nations. WHO has published a global TB report every year since 1997.

This document is an action framework designed for countries to plan tuberculosis (TB) services for groups within their populations that are more vulnerable, underserved or at higher risk of infection and illness related to TB. These groups are referred to as key populations in the Stop TB Partnership Global Plan to END TB. They are key because addressing TB issues they face is critical to the overall goal of ending the epidemic for the entire population. Key populations vary by country and include people with increased exposure to TB due to where they live or work, people with limited access to quality TB services, and people at greater risk due to biological or behavioural factors. The Global Plan to END TB calls for a paradigm shift, including how TB services are organized, managed and funded, moving:

• From passive to active case finding with strong engagement of civil society including key
• population-led networks and organizations
• From vertical to integrated service delivery systems
• From small incremental to accelerated substantial financial investments

Among key populations, who have low uptake of other testing options, reported benefits include privacy, convenience, pain-free testing, and ease of use. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) released new guidelines recommending that HIVST should be offered as an additional approach to HIV testing services (strong recommendation, moderate quality of evidence). Although self-tests achieve acceptable sensitivity and specificity, all reactive and invalid results must be linked for confirmatory testing because self-tests are meant to be screening tests.

HIV testing services are an essential gateway to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) endorse and encourage universal access to knowledge of HIV status. Increased access to and uptake of HIV testing is central to achieving the 90–90–90 targets endorsed in the 2016 United Nations Political Declaration on Ending AIDS.

This report presents the key findings of the NFHS-4 survey in Haryana, followed by detailed tables and an appendix on sampling errors. At the time of finalization of this report, wealth quintiles for the country as a whole were not ready. Therefore, on finalization of the national report, the breakup of key indicators by wealth quintiles for all states will be provided as an additional document and uploaded on the official website of MoHFW and IIPS.

Twenty years ago, PILS was born following a simple observation: almost ten years had passed since the first case of HIV had been registered in Mauritius, and yet there was no structure on our island, no treatment for HIV-positive people. Over the last 20 years, PILS' vision and goals have evolved, but one thing remains constant: the will to change an improper social context, and to fight injustice and discrimination. 2016 was once again a pivotal year for PILS. We revised our 2014-2018 mid-term strategic plan, which allowed us to re-evaluate our direction and sharpen the measures through which we are working to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Two main needs emerged from this revision. First, the importance of strengthening operational systems and linking services. The idea is to strengthen links with existing partners in the implementation of programmes which are already underway, to ensure that those reached on the field are redirected to the services offered by PILS or the government. On the one hand, PILS has revised its internal organisation in order to develop synergies between the various functions that comprise the association today. Particular attention is given to collaborative work, with the setting up of several committees within the association, so that everyone can contribute as much as possible to decision-making.

The International HIV/AIDS Alliance’s theory of change sets out the difference we want to see in the world, and defines the logical sequence of changes we believe are needed to achieve our desired outcomes. It describes the assumptions behind our chosen strategies (as set out in HIV, Health and Rights: Sustaining Community), and the preconditions that need to be in place for these changes to occur. This theory of change is designed to help us better describe what we do, provide a tool for learning and reflection and evaluate our work.

This report documents the discussions and recommendations made during the conference 'Celebrating 10 years of the Yogyakarta Principles: What have we learnt and where to now?' held from 25-26 April 2017 at the Dusit Thani Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand. Since the adoption of the Yogyakarta Principles, many advances have been made toward ensuring that people of all sexual orientations and gender identities can live with the equal dignity and respect to which all persons are entitled. Many States now have laws and constitutions that guarantee the rights of equality and non-discrimination without distinction on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. Internationally, including within this region, there is increasing discussion about discrimination experienced by intersex people on the basis of their sex characteristics. With these developments and challenges in mind, the discussion covered broad-ranging issues and reached beyond the Principles as they were developed a decade ago, based on the existing international human rights law at that time. It encompassed legal developments over that period and other international, regional and national measures to promote and protect the rights of LGBTI people.

Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood when many behaviors and events set the stage for adult health. Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data are often used to describe adolescents age 15-19 but are infrequently used to examine younger adolescents age 10-14. This study employs retrospective data from women and men age 15-24—the most recent cohort that experienced adolescence in the 5 years preceding the survey—to investigate health outcomes during the full range of adolescent years from age 10-19. For 52 countries, this study compiles adolescent sexual and reproductive health indicators in the areas of marriage, sexual activity, contraceptive use, fertility, maternal health, and gender-based violence.