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Resource | Fact Sheets,
This is the fifth round of Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (IBBS) conducted among the Clients of Female Sex Workers (Truckers) in 22 Terai Highways districts of Nepal. This survey was carried out to identify the trend in prevalence of HIV among truckers and to explore their sexual risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infection and HIV infections. This survey was carried during February- March 2016 by selecting the desired numbers of truckers using systematic random sampling at Pathalaiya, Bara.
National HIV surveillance system was established during the early 1990s to monitor the HIV epidemic and to inform evidence-based HIV prevention efforts in Nepal. Since then, IBBS surveys have been conducted at the interval of 2-3 years among Key Affected Population (KAP). Clients of female sex workers, particularly truckers, are one of the KAPs as their vulnerability to the HIV infection is triggered because of their mobility, alcohol intake, and sexual behavior.
Resource | Guidelines,
MDR-TB is essentially a human-made problem that develops because of low-quality drugs and/or inadequate treatment regimens, and it is difficult and expensive to treat. The development of migrant-sensitive TB control policies is especially critical given the high mobility of migrants—which increases the likelihood of transmission and treatment default, their lack of access to health-care services, their often dire living conditions and their propensity to inadequately self-treat in the private sector. In formulating such policies, however, policy-makers should note that TB is primarily transmitted within migrant communities, with very limited evidence of transmission from migrant groups into host country populations.
This consensus-based document offers a direction for countries to gradually move towards, subject to their existing national laws and regulations. It is the product of a regional consultation of health and immigration officials from 13 Western Pacific Member States conducted 26–27 March 2013 in Manila, 12 of which endorsed the document. One Member State, while recognizing the importance of addressing TB control in migrants, withheld its support until a broader regional consensus on migrant health is reached.
Resource | Publications,
This is the fifth round of Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) survey conducted among 400 clients of sex workers (truckers) who drive trucks in 22 districts of the East–West highway of Nepal. Fieldwork for the survey was carried out from 13 February 2016 to 9 March 2016. The survey was undertaken primarily to track the trend of HIV prevalence among the truckers and to understand their sexual behaviors, practice of use of condom and their exposures to different HIV and AIDS prevention to care programme. Information on the socio-demographic, mobility history, sexual behavior and condom use, knowledge on STI, HIV and AIDS, and exposure to STI, HIV and AIDS awareness programs, and stigma against HIV infected person was collected using a structured questionnaire.
Resource | Guidelines,
These are the first WHO guidelines on testing for chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and complement published guidance by WHO on the prevention, care and treatment of chronic HCV and HBV infection. These guidelines outline the public health approach to strengthening and expanding current testing practices for HBV and HCV infection, and are intended for use across age groups and populations. The primary audience for these guidelines are national programme managers in ministries of health and health-care providers in LMICs responsible for planning and implementing hepatitis testing, prevention, care and treatment services.
Resource | Publications,
Key populations are people who are at heightened risk of HIV, TB and malaria, and who face reduced access to services, and criminalization, marginalization or human rights violations. Those who fall outside of the above definition of key populations, but experience a greater vulnerability to and impact of HIV, TB and malaria, such as adolescent girls and young women in East and Southern Africa, are considered vulnerable populations. To end the epidemics, we must increasingly concentrate our efforts on providing prevention, treatment and care to both key and vulnerable populations.
Resource | Publications,
Human migration, defined as the “movement of a person or a group of persons, either across an international border, or within a State”, has been increasing over the last several decades (1). According to current United Nations estimates, there are approximately 232 million international migrants worldwide, with over 71 million living in Asia, and an additional 740 million internal migrants moving within their own countries (2,3). The total number of migrants worldwide is greater than the population of all but the world’s two most-populous nations.
Resource | Publications,
Since 1994, the Advisory Council on AIDS (ACA) has produced five sets of recommended strategies for Hong Kong to advise the government on her responses to HIV/AIDS, including programmes and services, funding and policies. The latest set of strategies is for the year of 2012-2016. There is a need to formulate another set for the year of 2017-2021 in light of the current HIV/AIDS epidemic.
The ACA adopts a broad-based, participatory and integrated approach to formulate the recommended HIV/AIDS strategies for Hong Kong 2017-2021.
Resource | Publications,
The National AIDS Control Programme focuses on HIV education and prevention for the general population as well as specific at-risk groups, reducing the pool of undiagnosed HIV-infected individuals, and providing care and support to those living with HIV/AIDS. To further enhance the surveillance and control of HIV, MOH set up a National Public Health Unit in September 2008. This unit is responsible for maintaining and enhancing the National HIV Registry, carrying out contact tracing and partner notification for newly-diagnosed HIV patients, and conducting HIV-related public health research.
During the course of 2011 to 2014, national efforts to increase access to HIV prevention, education, testing, care and support have continued.
Resource | Publications,
This report provides a comprehensive situational overview of low-skilled labour migration and labour migration governance within South-East Asia, alongside a review of the legal, social, and cultural factors affecting the right to health for migrant workers in the region. An overview of the international standards for the right to health, including their specific application to migrant workers, is included as context for this situational overview.
At a global level, the catalyst for this report is the adoption of the World Health Assembly (WHA) Resolution on the Health of Migrants in 2008. Among other things, this resolution calls for the promotion of migrant-sensitive health policies;1 the establishment of health information systems containing disaggregated data to support analysis of migrant health needs; and the documentation and sharing of information and best practices for meeting the health needs of migrants in countries of origin, return, transit, or destination.
Resource | Publications,
The World Migration Report 2015: Migrants and Cities, New Partnerships to Manage Mobility ─the eighth report in IOM’s World Migration Report (WMR) series─ focuses on migrants and how migration is shaping cities and the situation of migrants in cities.
While much of the current international discussion about migration trends and migration policy tends to focus on the national level, this report takes migration enquiries to the city level and aims to raise understanding of the local socioeconomic dynamics of migration and the close connection between migration and urban development.