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Resource | Publications,
Clients of FSWs serve as potential bridges for HIV transmission from the high-risk FSWs to the low-risk general population, making them a key target for intervention. High HIV prevalence rates among clients in Kaiyuan is particularly alarming given their risk behavior patterns, including high rates of partner exchange, low condom use rates, and drug-using behaviors. Innovative interventions are needed to reduce the risk of HIV among clients and reduce the bridge of transmission to the general population.
Resource | Publications,
Migrant female sex workers (FSWs) are one of the most at-risk populations for HIV in China. This study demonstrates how multiple risk factors are situated and vary by types of sex work environments in a sample of 348 migrant FSWs in Beijing. Participants reported high rates of clients' refusal to use condoms (76%), unsafe sex with both clients (32%), non-paid regular partners (e.g., boyfriend or husband) (76%), and a STI symptom (79%) last year. Only 22% of FSWs had been tested for HIV. Risk factors were compared by three types of sex work environments.
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Situation of HIV in Nepal, 2009:
Estimated number of HIV infections (2009) by age groups
- Children (0-14 years): 3,544
- Adults (15-49 years): 52,504
- Adults (50+ years): 7,480
Resource | Guidelines,
These Guidelines for Addressing HIV in Humanitarian Settings aim to assist humanitarian and AIDS organizations to plan the delivery of a minimum set of HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services to people affected by humanitarian crises.
These guidelines concentrate on the integration of HIV into the humanitarian response to crises, with a particular focus on two phases: the minimum initial response, which outlines a set of HIV-related interventions to be carried out during the early stages of any emergency regardless of the specific local or epidemiological context of the epidemic; and the expanded response, during which additional core HIV interventions should be planned and implemented as soon as possible, taking into account the local contexts and priorities, the epidemiological profiles and the capacity of different sectors to deliver the interventions.
Resource | Publications,
The report provides a rapid assessment of migration and mobility as key influences on the distribution and spread of HIV in the Pacific. While this has been established globally with targeted and tailored prevention programmes on mobility and HIV in a number of countries, the Pacific has yet to develop appropriate responses that take migration and mobility into consideration and ensure that HIV interventions address the drivers of mobility and the specific vulnerabilities that mobility creates. It is expected that this report will contribute to the development of multi-sectoral responses required to address the HIV epidemic in the Pacific region and provide the impetus for the development of effective and targeted interventions for people on the move.
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Cambodia is one of the few countries in Southeast Asia with a generalised HIV epidemic. HIV in Cambodia was first detected in 1991. After peaking at approximately 3.3% in 1998, HIV prevalence among the adult population declined to 1.2% in 2003, and further down to 0.9% in 2005. In 2007, the estimated number of people living with HIV was 75,000, down from 120,000 in 2001. AIDS‐related deaths also declined from 14,000 in 2001 to 6,900 in 2007. HIV prevalence among young people (15‐24 years old) was higher among males (0.8%) than females (0.3%).
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Between 1950 and 1980, all internal and international migration was forbidden by the Chinese government. Market reform in the 1980s loosened this government control on internal migration and, in recent years, labor migration to other countries has become part of China’s overall economic strategy.
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Indonesia is a major sending country of migrant workers overseas. Indonesian migrant workers are among the fastest‐growing migrant population in Asia. High levels of unemployment in Indonesia, particularly in the current economic condition, together with the relatively low earnings of workers, will continue to encourage Indonesians to seek employment abroad. Migrants come from all over Indonesia, but particularly from South Sulawesi, East and West Java, West Kalimantan, North Sumatra, and East and West Nusa Tenggara.
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) is a source of migrant workers, with Thailand as their main destination country. The long, porous border with Thailand together with Thailand’s demand for low‐skilled labor make it an attractive option for migrant workers. Around 180,000 Lao nationals are registered as workers in Thailand,2 making up 12% of the estimated migrant workforce in Thailand. These figures do not account for the large number of undocumented migrant workers. Migrant workers from Lao PDR are mainly employed in infrastructure projects, domestic and agriculture work, and the fishing industry.
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Domestic conditions, coupled with a geographic location which links the expanding economies of South East Asia, China and South Asia, characterizes Myanmar as a country with dynamic internal and international mobility. Ethnic conflicts are one of the major sources of population displacement in and outside the country. Millions of people have been displaced, relocated and resettled from their birthplace. Thousands of others have fled the country to refugee camps in neighbouring Thailand, Bangladesh or elsewhere. Population mobility along the Myanmar‐Thailand border has been very fluid. So too along the borders with India and China. Many of these areas are also home to hill tribe populations who live along both sides of the border.