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Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission Guideline. Ministry of Health Bhutan (2009)

HIV infection in pregnancy is associated with signifi cant maternal morbidility. Infected children die early without interventions and uninfected children are left without parents. Society has to bear the loss of working people and the expense of looking after the orphans. Millions of children are infected from the maternal routes many of which could have been prevented.


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Missing the Target 7: Failing Women, Failing Children: HIV, Vertical Transmission and Women’s Health. International Treatment Preparedness Coalition (2009)Research conducted for Missing the Target 7 by civil society activists on-the-ground in six countries (Argentina, Cambodia, Moldova, Morocco, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) shows that efforts to prevent vertical transmission are failing to reach the very group it was designed for - HIV-positive pregnant women.

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Rapid Advice: Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants. WHO (2009)The World Health Organization (WHO) worked on the revision of the Use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing hiv infection in infants: recommendations for a public health approach, 2006, through a series of coordinated efforts to review and synthesize emerging evidence.

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Our Health, Our Right: The Roles and Experiences of PLHIV Networks in Securing Access to Generic ARV Medicines in Asia. Asia-Pacific Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (2008) This book gives concrete examples of how PLHIV networks in partnership with key partners have reduced the impact of patents on medicines, including for medicines for the wider population in Thailand and India. It provides a clear illustration of how small local and national actions led by PLHIV can generate tremendous global impacts in today’s borderless and inter-connected world.

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In a setting where PMTCT is available, HIV-infected women and children did not receive adequate care because of barriers to accessing those services. The results suggest key improvements would be improving quality of counselling and making PMTCT guidelines available to health services. Women should receive early HIV testing with adequate counselling, safe care and prophylaxis in a positive atmosphere towards HIV-infected women.

 

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Our Health, Our Right: The Roles and Experiences of PLHIV Networks in Securing Access to Generic ARV Medicines in Asia. Asia-Pacific Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (2008)This book gives concrete examples of how PLHIV networks in partnership with key partners have reduced the impact of patents on medicines, including for medicines for the wider population in Thailand and India. It provides a clear illustration of how small local and national actions led by PLHIV can generate tremendous global impacts in today’s borderless and inter-connected world.

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Understanding HIV in Afghanistan: The Emerging Epidemic and Opportunity for Prevention. National AIDS Control Program Afghanistan, JHU and Indian Institute of Health Management Research (2008) Recent studies on HIV transmission in Asian countries characterize an epidemic which centers largely around three behaviors: 1) shared needles and syringes, 2) unprotected sex with sex workers, and 3) unprotected sex between males. While HIV cases are not confined to these three most-at-risk populations (Injecting Drug Users (IDUs), Sex Workers (SWs) and their clients, and men who have sex with men (MSM)), the speed and direction of HIV transmission largely depends on the size, behavior, and access to information of these sub- populations.

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Scale Up of HIV-Related Prevention, Diagnosis, Care and Treatment for Infants and Children: A Programming Framework. WHO and UNICEF (2008)
To help address this significant public health issue for children, UNICEF and WHO initiated a process to develop a programming framework designed to assist national health managers and implementing partners in resource constrained settings with a high HIV burden to scale up HIV prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment for children who are exposed to or who have HIV within the context of broader child survival and HIV programmes. This framework was developed following an international consultation held in New York in 2006 that included more than 100 participants from the global pediatric HIV and child survival community.


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HIV, Hepatitis C, and Hepatitis B Infections and Associated Risk Behavior in Injection Drug Users, Kabul, Afghanistan. Todd CS, Abed AMS, Strathdee SA, et al (2007)Limited prevalence data for HIV, hepatitis B surface an- tigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) exist for Afghan- istan. We studied a cross-sectional sample of adult injection drug users (IDUs) in Kabul, Afghanistan, from June 2005 through June 2006. Study participants completed interview- er-administered questionnaires and underwent testing for HIV, antibody to HCV, and HBsAg.

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