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Resource | Publications,
The gender assessment was planned to identify gaps in TB and HIV services, which will be shared with relevant stakeholders for further policy level integration into overall health framework and vision. This will assist both programs to assess HIV and TB care context and response from a gender perspective, and help in shaping response from gender lens to reduce the dual burden of HIV and TB infection.
Resource | Tools,
Chest radiography, or chest X-ray (CXR), is an important tool for triaging and screening for pulmonary TB, and it is also useful to aid diagnosis when pulmonary TB cannot be confirmed bacteriologically. Although recent diagnostic strategies have given specific prominence to bacteriology, CXR can be used for selecting individuals for referral for bacteriological examination, and the role of radiology remains important when bacteriological tests cannot provide a clear answer. Access to high-quality radiography is limited in many settings. Ensuring the wider and quality-assured use of CXR for TB detection in combination with laboratory-based diagnostic tests recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), can contribute to earlier TB diagnosis and potentially to closing the TB case-detection gap when used as part of algorithms within a framework of health-system and laboratory strengthening.
This document summarizes WHO’s recommendations on using CXR for TB triaging, diagnosis and screening. It also outlines a framework for the strategic planning and use of CXR within national TB programmes (NTP). Moreover, the document provides a brief overview of technical specifications, and quality assurance and safety considerations for CXR.
Resource | Publications,
This paper describes methodological details used by WHO in 2016 to estimate TB incidence, prevalence and mortality. Incidence and mortality are disaggregated by HIV status, age and sex. Methods to derive MDR-TB burden indicators are detailed. Four main methods were used to derive incidence: (i) case notification data combined with expert opinion about case detection gaps (74 countries representing 22% of global incidence in 2015); (ii) results from TB prevalence surveys (20 countries, 62% of global incidence); (iii) notifications in high-income countries adjusted by a standard factor to account for under-reporting and underdiagnosis (118 countries, 15.5% of global incidence) and (iv) capture-recapture modelling (5 countries, 0.5% of global incidence). Mortality was obtained from national vital registration systems of mortality surveys in 128 countries (52% of global HIV-negative TB mortality). In other countries, mortality was derived indirectly from incidence and case fatality ratio.
Resource | Publications,
At the turn of the century, world leaders came together at the United Nations and agreed on a bold vision for the future through the Millennium Declaration. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. The MDGs with eight goals and a set of measurable time bound targets, established a blue print for tackling the most pressing development challenges of our time.
This report presents analysis of the status of progress on MDGs until 2013/2014. Remarkable gains have also been made in the fight against Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. SAARC region has achieved MDG in all three indicators of Tuberculosis, of which some of the countries were in off track and some of in the line of on track.
Resource | Publications,
Communicable diseases such as HIV, TB and malaria remain among the leading causes of illness, death and impoverishment in our region, and infection levels continue to rise in many settings and populations. Unless focused efforts are undertaken to build on the gains to date, communities that remain vulnerable to neglected tropical diseases such as leprosy, kala-azar and filariasis will continue to be left behind. This report focuses on the historic opportunity for the WHO South-East Asia Region to end the scourge of communicable diseases for good.
Resource | Publications,
This Regional Strategic Plan towards Ending TB in the SEAR 2016–2020 describes the future directions and focus of the work towards TB elimination aiming to support Member States in reducing tuberculosis mortality and incidence in line with global targets as set in World Health Assembly (WHA) resolution WHA67.1.
The resolution will guide countries in addressing persisting and emerging epidemiological and demographic challenges and advancing universal health coverage and robust health systems. The plan builds on and expands the existing updated Regional Strategic plan for TB Care and Control 2012–2015 and focuses on implementation of the End TB Strategy in the coming 5 years within the overall scope of the 20-year strategy covering 2015–2035.
Resource | Publications,
This report is an excellent review of the current status and future plans for the control of TB in the SAARC Region. It includes information on burden of tuberculosis in the SAARC region, including incidence, mortality along with the MDR-TB, TB/HIV confection, etc. It also covers the information of the year 2014 and has been prepared on the basis of information collected from member countries during the year 2015 and by reviewing other related documents.
Resource | Fact Sheets,
Tuberculosis (TB) is contagious and airborne. TB was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide in 2015, and was responsible for more deaths than HIV and malaria.
In 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new (incident) TB cases worldwide, of which 5.9 million were men, 3.5 million were women and 1 million were children. People living with HIV accounted for 11% of the total. Six countries accounted for 60% of the new cases: India, Indonesia, China, Nigeria, Pakistan and South Africa.
In 2015, 1.8 million people died from TB, including 0.4 million among people with HIV. The total includes 1.1 million men, 0.5 million women and 0.2 million children. Globally, the number of TB deaths fell by 22% between 2000 and 2015.
Resource | Presentations,
Global Consultation on the Programmatic Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Date: 27-28 April 2016
Venue: Hotel President, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Resource | Publications,
Global statistics indicate that the TB burden is more acute in urban areas. However, in countries where large portions of the population are rurally located and reside in extreme poverty, TB is dominant among rural dwellers. Poverty and limited access to health facilities and health workers significantly diminish the ability of people with TB who reside in rural areas to obtain timely diagnosis and treatment. Stigma and widespread lack of knowledge about TB are also more common in rural communities. Multiple strategies to overcome these barriers exist and should be implemented at scale. This guide provides an outline of the specific challenges faced by rural dwellers and how these challenges can be addressed.